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Roughly 217,440 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in 2004, resulting in nearly 40,580 deaths (3). Those newly diagnosed with breast cancer often have the choice of several different treatments. The treatments include chemotherapy and radiation. Fatigue related from cancer is defined as â€Å"a persistent, subjective sense of tiredness related to cancer or cancer treatment that interferes with usual functioning† (1). This helps contribute to physical inactivity in these patients, leading to deconditioning and decreased functional capacity (1).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physical inactivity and an increase in rest have generally been recommended for cancer patients (1). However, recent research has shown that physical activity helps with the management of fatigue and improves quality of life (1-4). In addition, 50% of patients prefer nonpharmacologic interventions in order to manage fatigue (4). The current recommendations for breast cancer patients are low to moderate physical activity, such as brisk walking, to manage fatigue and, in turn, improve quality of life (3,4).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Several studies support the recommendations for physical activity in breast cancer patients. These studies prescribed a home-based walking programs to women who were going to receive chemotherapy or radiation treatment for Stage I to III breast cancer (1,2). The walking programs were based on the duration of the radiation (6 weeks) or chemotherapy (3 months) treatment (1,2). The subjects were put into two groups, usual care or usual care and the walking program (1,2). Both of the walking programs prescribed working up to 30 minutes of brisk walking, 5 to 6 days per week and approximately 50-70% of maximum heart rate (1,2). These meet the ACSM’s standards for positive health benefits. Mock, et al studied fatigue and functional capacity in participation in a home-based walking program (1). They concluded that exercise during treatment of cancer increased functional capacity and decreased fatigue in sedentary women subjected to chemotherapy or radiation (1). T he subjects who adhered to the program had significantly lower fatigue levels than those who did not participate (1). The adherence rate of those participating in the exercise program was 72% (1). Since these women were sedentary prior to this study, this suggests an urgency and desire to benefit their overall health. They see the importance of being physically fit, not only to reduce fatigue during treatment, but to improve it after treatment as well. Pickett, et al reported on the adherence rate to a home-based walking program (2).

Critical Response of an image Essay

Advertisement is a notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event or publicizing. It is also bringing into awareness a new product or idea. Advertising generally tries to sell the things that consumers want even if they should not wish for them. Advertising things that consumers do not need for is not effective use of the advertiser’s money. A majority of what advertisers sell consists of customer items like food, clothing, cars and services†¦ things that people desire to have. On the other hand it is believed by some advertising experts that the greatest influence in advertising happens in choosing a brand at the point of sale. Advertising appeals to consumers through common images; the logo used is well-designed and there is a clear separation of art from commerce. Advertisers use these iconic images to appeal to consumers since they symbolize or stand directly for something. The image for MacDonald’s symbolizes its quality. Therefore, advertisers use these images to communicate much more than words, since they seem to convey the message without too much effort. According to McDonald’s website, their mission statement is â€Å"to be our customers’ favorite place and way to eat. The worldwide operations have been aligned around a global strategy called the Plan to win centering on the five basics of an exceptional customer experience – People, Products, Place, Price and Promotion. It’s committed to improving the operations and enhancing the customers’ experience. For decades, Macdonald’s has maintained a broad advertising campaign. In addition to the media, the company makes considerable use of signage and billboards, sporting events and coolers of drinks with their logo for all kinds of events In the case of McDonald’s advertising the texts used are effective. They have contributed in attracting targeted clients to the company. The wordings are extremely pleasing and successful at getting the consumers to buy the products. The phrase ‘I’m Lovin’ it’ which is used in one of the advertisements, indicates a piece of advertising that is particularly striking. According to Cross â€Å"propagandas is simply a means of persuasion†, which they have applied that to their place because it is evidently an artistic expression, yet is trying to sell something to the consumers. The company’s effectively is truthful since the business brings in new customers and creates new products. The company released a burger that is low fat, and which targeted adults in response to the consumers’ desire for healthier options. The company has learned from its previous mistakes, like going after the wrong target market of adults instead of young adults. This however, resulted to a turn around strategy, which later led to increase in sale and profits. McDonald’s has managed to implement strategies that satisfy the changing need of the customer. The company, being an international restaurant within the quick service restaurant, requires a very high level of promotional campaigns to remain competitive. This has been so, since some of the most memorable commercials in fast food industry have emerged from this particular company. Effective speaking has contributed to its world-wide expansion and in its listing on the public stock markets. With the expansion of McDonald’s to a worldwide market, the company has become a symbol of globalization. At the same time, it has acted as the spread of the American system of living. Its prominence has also resulted to regular topics of public debates on obesity, business ethics and consumer responsibility. The company also introduced a cafà © style in accompaniment to the restaurant. To accommodate the recent trend of high quality coffee and recognition of coffee shops in general. A number of locations are connected to convenience stores and gas stations, this level of achievement is an indication of effective advertising or else truthful rhetoric. The corporation also earns revenue as an investor in properties, as an operator and franchiser of restaurants. The company’s business model is slightly different from other fast- food chains. In addition, franchising fees and marketing fees are calculated as a proportion of sales. Many researchers, including some writers believe there is a connection between advertisement and harmful behaviors. Some suggest that advertisements affect children negatively especially young women. Lutz argues that the manner in which advertisers modify the meaning of words is able to have a harmful effect on languages and how it is used. The author believes that the relationship amid humans and any form of culture can be complicated. However there is no denial that there is a relationship between behavior and advertising. On the other hand, it is not convincing on the directness and similarity about the relationship between media and advertising. Lutz continues to argue that advertisers use language to imply a great thing about products and services without promising anything at all. With extensive skill, advertisers can create an advertisement that makes us to believe that a particular product is better than it is without having to lie about it. (Lutz, 448) According to Machesney, adverting must build a brand while speaking with one voice. They develop economies in the creative process, while maximizing its local effectiveness and it increases the company’s speed of implementation. It is the key to determining success of the organization. The ability to identify the key of an ad that contributes to its success leads to maximization of the economy of scale. (Machesney, 265) Critics argue that commercialization of all fields of society, increases in consumption and wastes resources; privatization of public space and the negative influence on the lifestyle is due to overrated advertising. Advertising to some extent has contributed tremendously to destroying non-material possessions. Public service adverting is an adverting technique used in promoting goods and services. It is crucial in forming, educating and motivating the public about non commercial issues like conserving energy, deforestation and political ideology. It is an influential and educational tool that is capable of motivating and reaching larger audiences. Adverting justifies its existence when used in the public interest. It is too much a powerful tool to be used for commercial purposes only. Infomercials are televisions commercials with a longer format; they are very useful in creating an impulse purchase, so that the moment the consumer observes the presentation, it is followed by immediate purchase of the product through the advertised toll free number. Infomercials describe, display and frequently demonstrate products and their features. They commonly have testimonials from industry professionals and consumers. According to Williamson, press advertising is an influential means of advertising. It describes advertising in printed medium such as newspapers, journals or magazines. This involves everything from media with a broad readership base. It allows private companies or individuals to purchase a small targeted advertisement at a low fee to advertise their products and services. (Williamson, 255) Celebrity branding is another powerful form of advertising that mainly focuses on using a celebrity popularity to gain recognition for the product. Celebrities are frequently involved in advertising campaigns like televisions or print adverts to advertise general or specific program. This can lead to great success if it is endorsed by various companies, and practiced prudently. Online advertising is the most recent and productive form of advertising. It reaches a massive audience at the same time being affordable, as compared to other mediums. This is achieved by the use of World Wide Web to express the purpose of delivering marketing messages to draw customers.

The Three Long Weeks The Washington Area Is Terrorized By...

The Beltway Snipers Three long weeks the Washington area was terrorized by a series of random sniper attacks. At first, the shootings seemed to be random, but were soon discovered to be coordinated attacks by John Allen Muhammad and his accomplice named Lee Boyd Malvo. The sniper’s claimed the lives of ten victims over the span of three weeks time, starting the second of October 2002 and ending around the 23 of October. Following leads, the police found a tree stump in their back yard that had been used for practicing. The two men were found sleeping in their car at a rest stop, in possession of guns matching the ballistics of the bullets found at the crime scenes. According to Crime Museum, in 2003 Muhammad was convicted on two counts of capital murder, homicide committed with intent to terrorize government or the public at large, conspiracy to commit murder, and the illegal use of a firearm. (Crime Museum) In March 2004, a judge from Virginia sentenced Muhammad to death. In 2009 Muhammad was executed by lethal injection. Boyd was also charged twice with capital murder and the unlawful use of a firearm. Boyd pleaded not guilty on all charges because of insanity stating that he was under Muhammad’s complete control according to Crime Museum. According to the book, Mastering Sociology, written by James Henslin the differential association theory was developed by Edwin Sutherland. The differential association theory essentially says that the different groups a person